Marketing Techniques Essay Example for Free

Marketing Techniques Essay The main thing behind marketing in a business is finding the customer’s needs and produce the product/ services to satisfy their needs, this way the customer can choose what they would want included in their product/ service. A business that follows this rule is market-orientated. There is alternatives orientation for businesses, these are; The production concept: This is where the business produces in large quantities and distribute in bulk, this is so the customer/ business get the products cheaper as they will be bulk buying. A business that would do this is Walkers. They make thousands of packets and then sells them to large business such as Tesco, Tesco would be able to buy it for cheaper as they will be buying in a very large amount as they can stock allot of products. However charity shops will sell their products and with the entire surplus they send it off to the charity. An example of this is Oxfam, they will sell their products to the public and with all the surplus is sent off to the project they are currently on. The sales concept: Businesses need to know how to sell their products/ services. If they don’t know how to the business is likely to fail but if a business knows how to sell its goods/ sieves then it is likely to be successful. A type of sales technique is hard selling nor Tesco or Oxfam hard sell but businesses such as Anglian, Everest and Safestyle are usually hard sellers trying to get you to buy double glazing. As you can see some of the sales reps in these businesses have lied about the business just so they can close sales with people on the spot. The marketing Concept: Marketing concept is different to sales and production as it has to take every step with keeping customers in mind as marketing is based around customer’s needs and wishes. An example for this is Tesco they do this with their Tesco Club card every time you shop you swipe your card and the system knows what the customer purchased, so to bring back the customer they will mail you some vouchers which then makes the customer want to come back into the store and shop again. Another business that uses marketing is Curry’s when you purchase something the sales assistant take down your home address so if they have any offers which are similar to what you bought will send you letter informing you about any offers. Marketing definitions: Basic definition of marketing is meeting customer needs and wants profitably. Marketing consists of identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements profitably. Objectives: Private sector The objectives for a private sector business are to maximise profits and expand all over the world. An example for a private sector business is Tesco. They have businesses in the UK and in America called Fresh Easy. In the screen shot you can see Tesco’s objectives. Public sector The objectives for a public sector business are to provide quality service for the public. An example for this is the NHS as they provide health care for everyone. In the screenshot you can see NHS’s objectives. Voluntary sector The voluntary sector businesses objectives are to raise money for good causes. An example of this is Oxfam they aid anyone to donate any goods so they can sell them and send the money they produce from the goods they sell given to the public to projects they are currently on. As you can see this is one of Oxfam’s shops where they sell goods that have been donated by the public. Organisational objective This is a target for the whole business no matter how big it is. A good example of this is Tesco, Tesco’s objective may be to increase market share to 51%. Marketing objective This is how you are going to achieve it e.g. increase Tesco value products Tesco can produce their own products such as Ben Jerry ice-cream they can produce a Tesco value version as some people may not be able to afford  £4 ice-cream so the people can buy the alternative which would help Tesco increase their profits. Link between organisational objectives and marketing objectives Marketing objectives shouldn’t be contradicting a business’s main objective, but should be contributing in achieving that. A business will not succeed if it’s been pulled apart in two different directions. An example of this is if Tesco want to increase their sales by a certain percentage then different functional areas have to contribute to achieve this such as advertising they may advertise products that are on offer or any seasonal products e.g. Christmas, new years or valentines. Tesco’s could also send out more offers with their Club Card meaning more customers may shop in the business. By this way Tesco will be informing a lot more people that they have sales on which might bring more customers into the business. Market leadership This is where a business has the most market share in a given product or service, this could be measured by the amount of goods sold or the value of those goods. If a business wants to become a market leader they need to be 51% or more in sales for it to become a market leader. For example, Tesco is the leading supermarket in the supermarket market place as you can see in this screenshot (January 2012). Charity do no compete with market share as they all have similar aims and objectives but need maximum funds to stay in operation. Some charities will be more valuable then others depending on how much donations they receive. Oxfam is at the top along with cancer research UK, British Heart Foundation and many more. Brand awareness Brand awareness is making people aware of the business and what they do/ sell. Brand awareness is the NHS’s number one objective, they want all of Great Britain’s public to know what they do. Brand awareness may be an individual product or the whole business itself. Tesco may advertise their Tesco club card so people are more aware of the club card you can get when you sign up with them. Perceptions of customers A customer’s perception of a business or a brand often affects their purchasing decision. An example of this is a business might have a lot of brand awareness but their products might not be of the highest quality. This will make the customer not want to come back into the store as they are paying for a cheap quality product. Tesco has a reputation of selling goods a cheap price to everyone, if they start selling their products higher than their competitors then they are likely to lose out on customers and sales which are why they try keep their prices as low as possible. People may also decide to shop at Oxfam for clothes rather than buying clothes from the high street as they know their money goes to good use. Techniques: Growth strategies Businesses grow through their products/ services every time they put a product on the market more and more people will find out about the product. For example Tesco have been using growth strategies as they are expanding with their services, such as Tesco Money, you can now have a credit card with Tesco which people who may don’t normally do not shop at Tesco may have their Tesco credit card. Oxfam use growth strategies through advertising. Every time they advertise someone new will hear about Oxfam and how they are helping to take people out of poverty in third world countries. Survival strategies This is important for all business if they want to keep operating. The reason why Tesco are expanding into different markets is in case one market fails them they have other services which will help them keep out of making a loss for example if Tesco started making cars and sold a few thousand but then was not successful. They are likely to start making a loss but as they are successful in other markets they are unlikely that they would shut down. With Oxfam with all their stores open they can use them stores to survive. Branding Business need to have a strong brand image in order for them to survive. Providing high customer service will increase the brand image. Advertising is also a factor to increase the brand image. Tesco and Oxfam both have a very strong brand image as they are at the top of their tables Tesco is globally a very well known business and Oxfam is also globally well know as they operate in the UK and in third world countries. Relationship marketing Building a relationship with customers is very important for the business as they will think that the business cares about them. Tesco can build relationships with its customers at the tills, the cashier can communicate with the customer building a positive relationship. This is also the same with Oxfam when people buy products from the stores they are building a relationship with the business or if you support Oxfam through direct debit you will receive a welcome pack with updates every month about what the persons many is doing and how they are helping people in poverty.

Sartre and the Meaning of Human Existence Essay -- Sartres Existentia

Where the Meaning of Human Existence is Located According to Sartre The word philosophy comes from Greek and literally means "love of wisdom." The Merriam-Webster online dictionary defines philosophy as "a critical study of fundamental beliefs and the grounds for them." Both explanations of philosophy are correct and concrete. The meaning of human existence has no such concrete answer, but in this paper we will examine where Sartre believes it to be. Sartre's existentialism is a philosophy, which deals with man. It states that man is that which he makes of himself and that he has to make his own choices in a state of anguish. Man chooses in anguish, because he has no external guidelines to help him and must rely on his own morals and beliefs. Man chooses completely want he wants to do. His existence depends on this. And this is where I believe Sartre locates the meaning to mans' existence. According to Sartre mans' existence only takes on meaning through his actions. The Sartrian existentialist finds it extremely troubling that God does not exist because with Him vanishes all hope of finding values in an intelligible heaven. "As Dostoevsky once said, "If God did not exist, then everything would be permitted."(pg 22) Sartre claims this to be the existentialist starting point. This is the reason that Sartre talks about anguish, because "one cannot find anything to depend upon either within or outside himself." It must necessarily follow that man is to be forlorn; he can't find anything to depend upon either internally or externally. He therefore lacks excuses. We cannot explain our actions in terms of or in reference to..."given and specific human nature." (pg 23) This rules out of the possibility of predetermination. "... ...ialism is that one must first make a choice and then act upon the commitment, according to the formula that Sartre provides us with. For the existentialist, hope is a passion that gets him nowhere. He must face life in his abandoned state, with courage and self-affirmation. Sartre's existentialism is unique in its individualistic outlook, its detachment, its lack of reliance of an outer code to manage behavior, and its emphasis on man's self-reliance. Existentialism, as exemplified in the work of Sartre, deals with fundamental issues of life and how he finds mans' existence within the choices and actions that define him. Since Sartre believes that there is no transcendent this theory causes man to be alone. Man has only himself to fall back on. Man makes his own future through the actions that he makes. This is where man is defined, and his existence finds meaning.

North Carolina Agricultural & State University

Dear Honorable, Governor Easily We are nursing, students at Agricultural and Technical State University in Greensboro, North Carolina we write this letter to bring to your attention an issue that if discussed enough in our community it might bring about change and save lives. This is hypertension.   I am asking for your help in bringing Hypertension a silent killer of our elderly population to the forefront of our community’s attention. My research partner and I have conducted research on hypertension as a requirement for our community 510 nursing course. With our research, here in Guilford County Greensboro, North Carolina:   we have a direct of understanding hypertension moreover, how its ill effects are distressing our elderly population’s health. With your help, we can bring this issue out by an educational campaign. Our research efforts show a need to help the community become conscious to get involved in the community to necessitate and facilitate our elderly population, living with hypertension due to lack of resources, transportation, diet exercise, obesity, chronic conditions. We have hundreds of seniors in our community here in Guilford County who can benefit by having resources to educate them about the causes risk factors and treatment for hypertension a silent killer. By facilitating things such as transportation to medical appointments, education on lifestyles that are conducive to good health, by getting the community involved during our research project we have had a high success rate in improving the effects of those who suffer hypertension among our elderly. Our research provides a description of the comprehensive study of hypertension within the cumulative, etiology, and the consequence on the populace health of the elderly in our area. This research will expectantly accomplish better education about hypertension for our elderly. Helping changing their lifestyle, an example of educating is as most know a good, diet helps maintain our body due to the FDA’s and the medical community’s at large education campaign promoted on our food packages and thru television and radio adds. Amazingly few seniors realize exercise and diet lowers hypertension, and helps problems with blood pressure levels. Hypertension is a reversible problem given the individual can see the benefits of diet and the implementation of exercise, to change their life through education when made available to them. Your support for community responsiveness of the senior’s living with hypertension is significantly valued. Thank you for your public service Sincerely Linda Wesson and Melinda Valetin North Carolina Agricultural & State University                     

The Truth in Negotiations Act - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1006 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/04/01 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Truth Essay Did you like this example? The Truth in Negotiations Act also referred to as TINA. What is it and how does it affect the contracting world when it comes to negotiating contract prices? TINA is known as a contracting statue that was put into place in order to protect the DoD funds by mandating that contractors provide certified cost or pricing data. We know that the job of a contracting officer is to ensure that any negotiations done are under fair and reasonable pricing terms in regards to the US government. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Truth in Negotiations Act" essay for you Create order In the 1950s, many members of Congress became convinced that defense contractors were overcharging the government for goods and services obtained through negotiations. Therefore, legislators passed the Truth in Negotiations Act (TINA) in 1962. (Greene, 2018, pg. 4). The Truth in Negotiations Act was designed to implement regulations that would require contractors to reveal certain pricing data as well as confirm that data to be current. In the beginning stages when Tina was created it was only designed to apply to certain government agencies. Since 1985 the Truth in Negotiations Act has expanded as a whole to many forms of government procurement. The Truth in Negotiations Act is designed to protect the government when an offerors cost is a significant factor in contract price negotiations. In any instance that the government has questions regarding reasonable cost from an offeror TINA guideline are set into place to ensure payment for fair and reasonable prices. Per TINA there are four known fair pricing and reasonable approaches that contracts specialist should follow when beginning negotiation of contracts. The four fair and reasonable pricing approaches that TINA refers to are the adequate pricing comparisons, commercial prices, prices that h ave already been set by laws and/or regulations, and obtaining certified cost and pricing data (TINA). (FAR 15.403, 2014). In order to obtain fair and somewhat reasonable prices based on the fair and reasonable pricing approaches one has to follow these four steps in order for the Department of Defense to continue protecting the dollars of taxpayers. Having the capacity to acquire reasonable and sensible estimating dependent on any of these four methodologies enable the DOD to secure the citizens dollar and guarantee that we are getting a reasonable and sensible cost. TINA permits the contracting officer to arrange reasonable and sensible costs with the contractual worker when costs arent accessible by the other three methodologies. Having the capacity to acquire confirmed expense and estimating information is urgent to the accomplishment of the securing in light of the fact that it not just permits arrangements of reasonable and sensible evaluating, however it additionally gives a cover of assurance to the U.S. government also. Another advantage of getting guaranteed cost and estimating information is t hat toward the finish of the securing, the Defense Contract Audit Agency can review the temporary workers real costs and decide whether imperfect valuing exists. (Williams,1970, pg. 3). The Truth in Negotiations Act has shown to have many pros and cons in regards to the protection of the government in relation to cost and pricing. TINA is known as a protective barrier for not only the US government agencies but also to protect contract officers in the bidding world. The fundamental reasoning behind TINA is to shield the government from price and cost inflation submitted by contractors. One pro is that contracting officers often times are able to get information regarding pricing on some non-commercialized items. This in turn limits the contracting officer in being able to decide what is fair and reasonable regarding pricing they receive. TINA has proven to be good at protecting the government while doing an exceptional job when faced with the main task of handling the determination issue and for sure decreases data rents from generally substantially more educated and informed contractors. TINA accomplishes this goal because it allows contracting officers to negotiate fair and reasonable prices associated with the procurement by having contractors certify their costs and pricing data when the contracting officer has no other means for negotiating fair and reasonable prices. In addition, TINA helps to prevent fraud, financial loss, and in some cases risk for chance of being persecuted. TINA successfully makes a disincentive for the government contract officers to take part in misrepresentation and deficient estimating practice. All in all, it is fair to say that TINA helps policy makers achieve their policy goals. While TINA has its perks and positive side there is also a downside to the Truth in Negotiations Act. From the standpoint of contracting personnel, it is fair to say that contracting personnel is at a disadvantage because they must rely on elective controls and observation to guarantee contractors work performance. This is due to the fact that TINA just expects contractors to give cost or valuing data and not really perceivability of exertion. When it comes to evaluating a contract, estimating cost is dependent on a contractors base expenses. This is turn helps to factor in whether or not the contractor is able to deliver quality products and ventures which factor in benefit and hazard. It tends to be expected that expense is variable dependent on various offerors proposing costs and rivalry inside the business. The goal contract cost is dictated by how the offeror gauges target high and low cost. The government would not realize that the contractor could set aside extra cash and how huge the profit cost gap was on the grounds that guaranteed cost or valuing information would not have been required. On account of getting the most minimal value, the administration may experience the ill effects of data leases that compass past the present acquisition; data leases likewise adversely influence future contracts if past contract costs are utilized as a reason for value reasonable and sensibility in restricted competition. Under cost repayment compose gets, the temporary worker is repaid for expenses and are not boosted to diminish costs or even to control any high or over the top consumptions. In light of circumstances like these, TINA isnt just expected to lessen moral danger yet in addition adverse choices.